To understand water filtration, lets start with some basics. Filtering water means pumping it through a media that allows the water to flow, but stops solids or particles and traps them in the media. The filter media is then cleaned periodically. Swimming pools use sand or diatomaceous earth filters. These filter media are inexpensive and easy to clean. A swimming pool filter is backwashed to clean the media. Back washing is simply running water backwards through the filter and then out of the system. It usually removes a couple hundred gallons of water from the pool which is insignificant when your pool holds tens of thousands of gallons of water. Auto fill valves or a garden hose replaces the water.
Spas don't use sand or d. e. filters because they need to backwash to be cleaned. Dumping "hot" water on the ground is very energy wasteful and expensive. Spas use cartridge filters to remove solids from the water. These cartridges are easy to clean and replace. Almost all spas use these types of cartridges. Most spa manufacturers use a filter with a bypass in their spas so they can accommodate large volumes of moving water when the jets are running. This means when you're sitting in the tub with the jets on, most of the water being pumped against your body is not filtered. Manufacturers do this to save money. They can filter the water adequately with only one filter cartridge. Usually a 2 speed pump is used, with the low speed for filtration. Low speed will run for several hours everyday keeping the water clean.
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